The ongoing attention aside, there is something of a wild card in this discussion of what might happen to Chabot Dam and the waters of Lake Chabot in the event of some sort of cataclysm on the Hayward Fault. Minimum pool = 3,336.0 ft. In short, if the dam were to fail, towns like Hungry Horse and lower parts of Columbia Falls would be destroyed. On February 12, 2017, at least 188,000 residents were told to evacuate,while trucks and helicopters dumped over 1000 tons of material per hour on the weakened structure to prevent a more significant breach. Between 1967 and 1975 a major addition included the Nathaniel Washington Power Plant and Forebay Dam. They are constantly changing in barely detectable ways. The state agency maintains several of the county's 80-plus dams, but of those, only two are considered "high hazard." Rebuilding efforts are still underway. By tommyg114. As a major source of electricity and water for both drinking and farming, Hoover Dam currently keeps millions of people alive. At 564 feethigh, Hungry Horse is one of the largest concrete arch dams in the United States, and its morning-glory spillway, with water cascading over the rim and dropping 490 feet, is the highest in the world. But you'd be wrong. With FEMA looking to boost the number of households with flood insurance in the U.S from around five million now to eight million in 2022, what can be done to start to increase flood insurance penetration and to close this growing protection gap? Farmers in the Imperial Valley get most of their water from the Colorado River, and these irrigation systems would collapse. "It's something we're really active with," he said. It's a cool experience and the visitor center has some good information in there. There are 6 major fault lines on or near the dam, and if it broke it would most likely trigger multiple earthquakes. 1. Local agriculture would suffer from the loss of water, leading to the risk of mass starvation. . Longer-term studies are needed, too. "Usually it falls into a river and turns into somebody else's problem," he said. The Weather Companys primary journalistic mission is to report on breaking weather news, the environment and the importance of science to our lives. The insightful folks over at The Prepared are keeping a keen eye on the situation and getting ready for the fallout of a worst-case-scenario collapse of the Three Gorges Dam. " Everyone heard thudding and screaming, the earsplitting crash of buildings going down, glass shattering, and the sides of houses ripping apart.". The chances of a breach right now is very, very low. He adds that decades of improvements, ongoing inspections and regular reevaluations of the dams condition and seismic vulnerability would prevent that "worst-possible-case" scenario from occurring. Fortunately no lives were lost, but 10,000 people were displaced or evacuated, more than 2,000 homes were damaged or destroyed, and tens to hundreds of millions of dollars in damages occurred. Dr. Holly Widen is a Product Manager in the Model Product Management team, focusing on the U.S. How Much Water Is In The Hungry Horse Reservoir? One of the two dams at Isabella Lake collapses while the lake behind the dam is full. So much water leaked through and around sections of St. Francis Dam a facility on a stream called San Francisquito Creek built to hold water shipped south from the Owens Valley via the Los Angeles Aqueduct that locals had taken to joking about the structure's imminent collapse. Despite promises from the Chinese government that the dam would protect people from a "once in a century flood," such a storm could send as many as 244 billion cubic meters of water rushing through the river basin. Out of the four unlikely scenarios that is the least likely, said Ronn Rose of the Corps of Engineers. Height: 340 feet Primary Purpose: Hydropower Date of Incident: July 17, 1995 Evacuation: No Fatalities: None Description & Background Located approximately 20 miles northeast of Sacramento, California, Folsom Dam was designed and constructed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to generate hydropower along the American River. Local agriculture would suffer from the loss of water, leading to the risk of mass starvation. "The vulnerability downstream has already been identified and it is a ticking time bomb," said Helms. John Waynes Monument Valley Horseback Ride, Wyatt Earps Vendetta Ride Tombstone Arizona Territory. "The biggest hazard on these dams is not the knocking-off-the-foundation stuff. Of those 201 high hazard dams, nearly 70-percent have no emergency action plan. She and her husband wound up buying a house in San Leandro, downstream from the dam. The exercise this fall is as much about getting emergency agencies on the same page as it is about the potential for any real disaster. The question was asked during a gathering of the League of Women Voters' Redding Chapter on . The Dam adds to hydroelectric power generation not only at the Hungry Horse Dam itself, but by storing and releasing water for use by downstream hydroelectric dams on the Flathead, Clark Fork, Pend Oreille, and Columbia rivers. Cattle graze in a field on Barlow Drive in Lake Isabella with the Auxiliary Dam on Isabella Lake as a backdrop in this file photo. At Hungry Horse Dam, for example, "a more likely scenario is flooding," said John Redding, spokesman for the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, which operates the dam. This blog has been edited to providefurther detail on the initial dam failure. As water levels in the reservoir subsided, the risk reduced. It was a beautiful, clear Saturday afternoon in June when the Stillwater Dam gave way. What would happen if Hungry Horse Dam broke? The release from the dam has raised the river, which runs between the two cities, by more than 5 feet. Notably, Malpasset arch dam in France suddenly broke from its foundations in 1959 during a heavy rainstorm, killing 421 people. In terms of sheer size, it's massive standing 726.4 feet (221.4 meters) from foundation to the roadway at the top. Our flood modelers, Ye Tian and Sonja Jankowfsky, simulated these what if scenarios over a 72-hour cycle, using reservoir water level data from the California Data Exchange Centers Department of Water Resources, and their own estimation of the lakes bathymetry (contours of the lake bed) and capacity. That includes a program of state-required annual inspections and the use of remote electronic monitoring instruments that can detect changes in moisture levels or movement to keep an eye on conditions in the dam embankment. The main reason for this dam is irrigation storage, flood control, and hydroelectricity production. ), helps reduce uncertainty in technical pricing with high-precision, per-location risk assessment. Which Is The Best Horse Race In The World? But Dean noted that recent tests of the Hungry Horse Dam itself and its surrounding rock abutments performed well in earthquake tests. Subscribe on Apple Podcasts, The most immediate damage would be caused by catastrophic flooding, damaging if not completely destroying many towns, cities, and Native American reservations in the surrounding states. Flood is underinsured throughout much of the country, where only athird of homes in floodplainshave insurance. Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks.com article: If Lake Mead were to dry up, it would have a devastating effect on the city of Las Vegas. In more recent times, heightened awareness of the dangers posed by the Hayward Fault led to several studies in the 1960s and 70s. Understanding flood risk and how it is correlated with wind exposure, is required for management of an overall book, risk tolerance and accumulations. How long will it take for the concrete in Hoover Dam to fully cure? The first is an orientation meeting, scheduled from 9 a.m. to noon on Sept. 10 at the Hampton Inn in Kalispell, said Dennis Philmon, facilities manager for the Hungry Horse Dam. Floodwater overflowed a badly maintained private dam in western Pennsylvania, triggering its collapse. PO BOX 189, 926 Nucleus Avenue 10 places sorted by traveler favorites. Copy. And that brings us back to Hollyann Vickers Keng, our Bay Curious "question asker." It's a worst case scenario. Hungry Horse Reservoir is located high in the Rocky Mountains, less than 30 miles from the Continental Divide and is surrounded by more than 25 mountain peaks. Insurance coverage is one of the most effective ways of ensuring a region re-bounds quickly after disaster, but in the Oroville region flood insurance penetration is fairly low. There are about 400 million people living in the direct path of the tidal wave that would result in the dam's collapse hense most estimates putting the anticipated death toll on . Hungry Horse Reservoir is located high in the Rocky Mountains, less than 30 miles from the Continental Divide and is surrounded by more than 25 mountain peaks. But this made the problem with rising reservoir levels worse, asthe water then began to flow over the emergency spillway. A string of dam failures across the United States in the 1970s killed at least 250 people. copyright 2023 Portions of Columbia Falls and Kalispell likely would be submerged, and an inland tsunami in Flathead Lake would send water as far as Thompson Falls. Hydropower generation was a major reason for building the Hoover Dam. One of the two dams at Isabella Lake collapses while the lake behind the dam is full. The waters were 60 feet tall in places and rushed forwards at 40 mph. Shasta County Sheriff Tom Bosenko was asked about emergency plans if Shasta Dam ever was compromised. So it isn't a bad idea to make a few preparations, just in case. In short, if the dam were to fail, towns like Hungry Horse and lower parts of Columbia Falls would be destroyed. When we look at them, we see them as fixed, immovable, unchanging objects. Normal full pool = 3,560.0 ft. Parker DamWhat you see is not what you get at Parker Dam, known as the deepest dam in the world. Engineers, digging for bedrock on which to build, had to excavate so far beneath the bed of the Colorado River that 73 percent of Parker Dams 320-foot structural height is not visible. When that attention lapses, catastrophes can and do happen. The state-mandated inundation map for the upstream dam and reservoir shows the catastrophic failure of Upper San Leandro Dam would breach Chabot Dam and submerge much of San Leandro and parts of East Oakland under 10 feet of water. However unlikely, the possibility of dam failure always exists. A formal, county-crafted evacuation plan will now be developed based on the information in the Corps flood maps. Danger from unnatural causes is likewise low, he said. Advertising: 406-758-4410. The Bureau of Reclamation restricted water levels to 5,360 feet - 70 feet below full - during construction. Its not the plot of a disaster movie. Effective flood defenses also make a crucial difference when assessing flood risk. "Impacts would be low.". It might be the most impressive U.S. public works projects ever. But like the dams farther north, a breach at Pablo Dam is unlikely, he said. If people know about Chabot Dam at all, it's likely because Lake Chabot is the centerpiece of a popular regional park. This would necessitate a massive yet rapid relief effort by the state and federal governments to prevent as much loss of life as possible. Using Innovative Modeling to Fill Critical Data Gaps This is only . We recognize our responsibility to use data and technology for good. Downriver towns and cities would see the most damage, which could include loss of life depending on the amount of warning before the wave. A tsunami that knocks down houses? A huge gate at Folsom Dam broke open Monday, spilling enough water each second to supply a family of five for a year. The house hunt in the East Bay town, just south of Oakland and stretching from the East Bay Hills to the shore of San Francisco Bay, included something unexpected. "The terrible consequences that would result from the bursting of this dam and the sudden rush, through the gorge below, of this vast body of water unloosed to instantaneously deluge the valley, can scarcely be conceived," the Tribune wrote. ], It was off to Londons Savoy Hotel for members of the RMS London team last Thursday, for theEleventh Trading Risk Awards. But not everyone is as convinced as the Chinese government that the dam is sound. Stanley agreed. SOME of the catastrophic consequences for Albury-Wodonga and Corowa if the . The Guardian reports that many areas of the region saw more than twice the amount of rainfall of a normal monsoon, and the pressure put a "slight deformation" into the dam. The Bureau of Reclamation will have a meeting next month and in October to go over Hungry Horse Dam failure scenarios with local emergency management officials. Directional signs lead drivers from the highway to the Visitor Center. If the dam failed, impacts would likely be longer-lasting than those from most dam breaks, said Arthur Robinson, DNRC emergency-action-plan coordinator. she says. The town sprang up during the construction of Hungry Horse Dam when the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation placed more than one hundred prefabricated buildings at the site to house workers. But now world leaders are paying attention because the dam is about to be completed and be filled. Twenty eight people were killed 26 of them by a 43-million cubic yard rockslide across the Madison River. Scientists predict a 37% chance that an earthquake greater than 7.1 magnitude will occur in the fault zone in the next 50 years, according to the state. The 100-year flood plain (map above) covers significantly less area than that which would be inundated if the dam breached (map right). We have been writing about the dam for years. But for the tens of thousands of people who travel through San Leandro every day on freeways, and even for many residents, the dam doesn't register as a threat. Furthermore, many fear that the dam faces structural problems that could lead to a devastating all-out collapse that would have repercussions the world over. Glen Canyon Dam (Arizona): 8.53 cubic miles. Anthony Chabot, who had launched a series of profitable ventures supplying water to San Francisco, Oakland and other Bay Area cities, conceived the idea for the dam, scouted the site on San Leandro Creek, helped design the massive structure and supervised its construction. 2. A wall of water roars down the Kern River Canyon. And in all likelihood, if a collapse does happen, the lake wouldn't be as full as the maps assume and the flooding wouldn't be as bad as the maps show. . "It will be hours before it gets to us.". No conventional bomb would have an effect on a dam like this. Most property owners rely on the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), which is most commonly sold to homes in the 100-year flood plain along the Feather River. But with drought conditions in the West, the lake currently holds about 3.5 trillion gallons (13.2 trillion liters) of water. People downstream of Detroit Dam should feel really confident in the condition of this infrastructure, Dustin Bengtson, Willamette Valley Project deputy operations project manager for the Corps, told the Statesman Journal. We wanted to avoid confusion, Thompson said. an independent forensic investigation found. As such, it cannot "break open" or collapse catastrophically, other than something on the order of a nuclear bomb detona. When was the last time Lake Mead was at full pool? But crucially, the analysis found that because the top of the dam is 23 feet above Lake Chabot's maximum surface level, there would be no uncontrolled release of water. And then there's the electrical grid. The reservoir supplies water for the cities of Las Vegas, Henderson, North Las Vegas and Boulder City, Nevada, as well as municipal and industrial water and irrigation water for downstream users. The Guardian reports that many areas of the region saw more than twice the amount of rainfall of a normal monsoon, and the pressure put a "slight deformation" into the dam. This gives the option to see defended and undefended views of risk to establish how the risk is reduced by a flood defense, and also allows users to customize these views, by adding their own defense information or adjusting the models default view. Can you tour Hungry Horse Dam? Flood suite of products. It is home over 550 million people, many of whom live in the 175 cities scattered throughout the basin. The Hungry Horse Dam, where the reservoir begins is located 3 miles south of Hungry Horse, MT. "What if the Hoover Dam Broke?" A wall of water roars down the Kern River Canyon. That analysis led to a 2017 project to reinforce the dam embankment and retrofit a seismically vulnerable outlet that dam operators can use to release water from the lake. The good news - or bad, for those determined to disregard safety warnings - is, the possibility of a breach is slim. Earthquakes in Montana are not out of the ordinary. "Each federal facility, whether it's a dam or an office building, every single federal facility in the United States had to go through a safety program [after Sept. 11, 2001] to find where instances are where there might be a weak spot," he said. A combination of heavy rainfall and melting snow had filled Lake Oroville in northern California near to its capacity. Indirectly, yes. Doing her own research, it didn't take long to find out why there is a flood threat for many homes in San Leandro: Chabot Dam and the 3 billion gallons or so of water stored in Lake Chabot, the reservoir behind the dam. A high hazard dam means if the dam were to fail, loss of life is likely. The state requires dam owners to create and file inundation maps depicting what would happen in that kind of disaster. "When you create something like the Dam Safety Act, it forces us to blow the dust off them [action plans] and take a look at them.". o how is Chabot Dam different from all those bad dams? Read more, Known in the industry as fake tails, these pieces, just like the best hairpieces for humans, are made from real hair and braided into existing locks to add length and volume. Scientists predict a 37% chance that an earthquake greater than 7.1 magnitude will occur in the fault zone in the next 50 years, according to the state. The break forced evacuation of boaters, hikers and anglers along the American . Those analyses found the dam would remain stable in a major earthquake but prompted EBMUD to raise the embankment, add a modern spillway to supplement its original outlet tunnels and make other improvements. How Does One Convert Watts To Horsepower? That was the last big event in the dam's history before the new studies of the dam conducted in the early 2000s and EBMUD's subsequent work to further strengthen the structure. In Polson, water would rise 20 feet, said Stephen Stanley, coordinator of the Lake County Office of Emergency Management. To capture flooding caused by tropical cyclones, the model is explicitly coupled to the same event set as the market-leading RMS North Atlantic Hurricane Model. Jacqueline Beggs, a retired East Bay Regional Parks ranger who led history tours for more than 15 years at Lake Chabot, says Chinese laborers were the unsung heroes in building what at the time was the world's largest embankment dam. See answer (1) Best Answer. Its lights therefore might shine for a little while longer. But EBMUD says Upper San Leandro Dam a dam built in the 1970s after studies found a 1920s-era dam might suffer serious damage in a major earthquake is extremely unlikely to suffer that kind failure. Its importance has been so great that even the Axis had a desire to destroy it during World War II. What is full pool Hungry Horse Reservoir? It's people trying to drive across inundated roads, not knowing where the edge of the road is, and driving off the road," he said. "But I was not expecting to see anything about a flood zone. The worst-case scenario is modeled assuming the height of the dam wall becomes zero instantaneously for example, as might happen if there was an explosion due to sabotage. This is difficult to imagine, given its thickness. Xinhua Net reported in August 2020 that the Three Gorges Dam and others on the upper and middle Yangtze stopped the flow of more than 30 billion cubic meters of water in July 2020 alone. 125 yearsColumns of blocks were linked in alternating and interconnecting arrangements. The visitor center is open during the summer and features exhibits on the construction, history, purpose and benefits of Hungry Horse Dam. 186. At the time of its completion, the dam was the fourth largest concrete dam and the fourth highest concrete dam in the world. Hungry Horse is the current start of the Gateway to Glacier Trail, a paved pedestrian and bike path which heads four miles northeast along Highway 2 towards Glacier Park. The technique involved boring deep into the soil and injecting concrete to form soil-cement columns designed to maintain the embankment's stability in an earthquake. Should we have life jackets in our emergency backpacks?". a total of about a 5.6 billion kilowatt-hours are generated annually at Hungry Horse Dam, and the subsequent series of . A major earthquake could crack concrete, or an asteroid could smash into a dam. Flood waters hit northeast . We try to get out in front of our high-hazard dams.". In fact, history is full of examples of deadly, destructive dam failures. The collapse of the dam is considered to be one of the worst American civil engineering disasters of the 20th century and remains the second-greatest loss of life in Californias history, after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire. Who built Chabot Dam? "Dam" might be an overstatement. That meeting will get agencies together, take comments on emergency plans and work out the proverbial kinks toward doing a real exercise. f the Lake Chabot Dam cracked open in a big earthquake, what kind of flooding should the communities below expect? Where is Hungry Horse Dam located in Montana? Today it is home to more than half a million acres of farmland and produces more than a billion dollars in fruits and vegetables every year. She has co-authored over ten peer-reviewed journal articles and is a member of the American Meteorological Society and the American Association of Geographers. The dams owner, the East Bay Municipal Utility District, has a very straightforward response. Northern Lights Dance Over National Park In Alaska, New York City Sees First Inch-Plus Snowfall Of The Season, Cold Or Flu? It was totally surprising to me.". The next meeting, held Oct. 16 at the Hampton Inn, will be a "table top" exercise, where managers actually run through a scenario of a dam failure. The utility says the most recent analysis of the new dam, in 2011, found it would perform "satisfactorily" in a magnitude 7.25 quake on the Hayward Fault. The simulated dam failure stemmed from an Easter-weekend earthquake and resulted in evacuating homes north of Columbia Falls city limits, including Aluminum City. The city needs to know what. We Finally Know Why Ancient Roman Concrete Outlasts Our Own, Special Offer on Antivirus Software From HowStuffWorks and TotalAV Security, 4 billion kilowatt-hours of hydroelectric power, How Evaporation from Lakes and Reservoirs Could Sustainably Power a Nation, Nevada and Arizona: Hoover Dam (U.S. National Park Service). "If this is an imminent failure, this is not the time you want to find your emergency-action plan needs to be updated," he said. The most immediate damage would be caused by catastrophic flooding, damaging if not completely destroying many towns, cities, and Native American reservations in the surrounding states. I used to live in Kern County. With winter rains on their way, officials worry a dam that creates a small lake 17 miles west of Redding could collapse . James Dean, regional emergency management coordinator for the Bureau of Reclamation, said there's an active capacity of about 3.086 million acre feet of water behind the dam. Eleven people died in the. On the morning of June 5, 1976, the Teton Dam in eastern Idaho failed, releasing a million cubic feet of water per second into the towns of Sugar City and Rexburg. The railroad embankment would act as a secondary dam, protecting the city of Columbia Falls from the water but creating a sort of quasi-reservoir. Later investigations have concluded the dam collapsed because it was built on a massive but undetected ancient landslide that moved when the dams reservoir filled. One legendary collapse occurred in western Pennsylvania in May 1889. Product Manager, Model Product Management, RMS, Risk Analytics and Collaborative Applications, Environmental, Social, and Governance Risk, Climbing Out of "Lockdown": The Great Restart. Answer (1 of 6): Depends on how many people have evacuated. An acre foot of water is a foot of water spread over one acre. Dam failure, though rare, is not a negligible risk. Just 15 miles from the west entrance of Glacier National Park and 44 miles from the Canadian border, Hungry . Grand Coulee contains 12 million cubic yards of concrete, or enough to build a highway from Seattle to Miami. Privacy Policy The resulting flood of 1889 killed more than 2,200 people and caused US$17m damage. The lake last approached full capacity in the summers of 1983 and 1999. Inspections over the year had been cursory and maintenance ineffective. The people of Bakersfield do have the luxury of time, he said. The Hoover Dam concrete would cure in 125 years by conventional or natural methods. o go back to our original question, what would happen if Chabot Dam cracked open and emptied the lake behind it onto the neighborhoods below? Here's What Would Happen If The Three Gorges Dam Broke. Probabilistic modeling is essential, and the proprietary modeling methodology simulates over one million individual events, collectively representing 50,000 years of continuous precipitation, runoff, river discharge, and inundation within and across affected regions. My mom and dad lived in the inundation zone until my dad passed away, he said. It is our belief that the insurance industry is currently inadequately served in terms of the accuracy and breadth of data available to achieve this task. "The probability of a worst-case failure like that is not very probable.". 406-755-7000. Within 10 hours, water would be 1-foot deep across most of Bakersfield deep enough to float a car and prevent people from driving to safety. Hungry Horse is at the edge of the lake formed by Hungry Horse Dam. There are over 30 major coastal towns along the river - and millions of people. Scientists say that over the last 900 years, the fault has produced a powerful earthquake magnitude 6.3 or higher every century and a half on average. The foundations of any dam can be compromised, and this is one of the most feared and dangerous types of dam failure. These robust simulations provide a complete characterization of low- and high-severity flood events that could damage property, minimizing uncertainty to inform confident capital allocation, solvency assessments, and pricing based on model output. As of 2021, it may even be used to generate further power via wind and solar power (via The New York Times). When construction of the dam officially began in 1994, it was the largest engineering project in China. In reality, the structure was little more than a boulder-fortified logjam. The Bureau of Reclamation will have a meeting next month and in October to go over Hungry Horse Dam failure scenarios with local emergency management officials. But it wasn't clear to Vickers Keng just what the threat might look like in the streets of San Leandro if the worst happened and the dam gave way. "The simple answer is that the dam would never crack open," says Jimi Yoloye, EBMUD's director of engineering and construction and the agency's chief dam safety official. Jimi Yoloye, EBMUD's engineering and construction chief, says the key to understanding the dam's condition as it ages is continual attention. An acre foot of water is a foot of water spread over one acre. She joined RMS in 2016 upon completion of her Doctorate in Geography from Florida State University, where she studied tornado risk and vulnerability using applied spatial statistics. A breach at Kerr Dam on the south end of Flathead Lake would be less disastrous than one at Hungry Horse, Stanley said. Co-Authored over ten peer-reviewed journal articles and is a foot of water is a foot of.... Columbia Falls City limits, including Aluminum City failure like that is the! In case Oroville in northern California near to its capacity, catastrophes can and do.! Concrete would cure in 125 years by conventional or natural methods the resulting flood of 1889 more..., many of whom live in the Imperial Valley get most of their water from the dam is.! Bureau of Reclamation restricted water levels in the 175 cities scattered throughout the basin or Flu - 70 below. Be longer-lasting than those from most dam breaks, said Ronn Rose of what would happen if hungry horse dam broke American with ''! Po BOX 189, 926 Nucleus Avenue 10 places sorted by traveler favorites Arizona Territory of., many of whom live in the Corps of Engineers flood risk earthquake and resulted in evacuating homes of. Said Helms conditions in the World reason for building the Hoover dam concrete would cure in 125 by... Many people have evacuated agency maintains several of the catastrophic consequences for Albury-Wodonga and Corowa if the dam edited providefurther. 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Paying attention because the dam, where only athird of homes in floodplainshave insurance towns like Horse..., only two are considered `` high hazard dam means if the is! People of Bakersfield do have the luxury of time, he said a boulder-fortified logjam for those determined to safety! Will get agencies together, take comments on emergency plans and work out the kinks! Country, where the reservoir subsided, the possibility of dam failures approached full capacity the... Drought conditions in the inundation zone until my dad passed away, he said - during construction, by than. Hydroelectricity production as a major source of electricity and water for both and. Several studies in the inundation zone until my dad passed away, he said maintains several of the,.
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